مقالۀ ترویجی: مروری بر کارایی ترکیبی فناوری پلاسما و سیانوباکتری‌ها در حذف فلزاتی چون روی، کلسیم و منزیم

نوع مقاله : ترویجی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموختۀ کارشناسی ارشد، گروه بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده علوم و فناوری های همگرا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده علوم و فناوری‌های همگرا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران.

3 استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات فیزیک پلاسما، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

چکیده

حضور یون­‌های فلزات سنگین حل شده در آب­‌های لوله کشی، مشکلاتی جدی برای سلامت انسان ایجاد می‌­کند. با رشد سریع جمعیت جهان و به منظور ارائه آب آشامیدنی سالم، نیاز به بهبود فناوری نوین برای تصفیه آب همواره رو به افزایش است. در مقایسه با روش­‌های مختلف و مرسوم حذف فلزات سنگین، استفاده از سیانوباکتری­‌ها یک روش بالقوه است، چرا که افزون بر رویکرد مقرون به صرفه، قابل اجرا در محل و جز روش‌­های شیمی سبز می‌­باشد. در حقیقت سیانوباکتری­‌ها، ابزار بسیار مناسبی برای جداسازی فلزات هستند چرا که می‌­توانند به صورت هم‌زمان فلز را از راه جذب زیستی و تجمع زیستی جدا کنند. جذب زیستی یک پدیده سطح سلولی است، در حالی که تجمع زیستی در داخل سلول رخ می­‌دهد. افزون بر این، استفاده از فناوری پلاسما به عنوان عامل محرک، درصد حذف فلزات را در دوره­‌های زمانی مختلف افزایش می‌دهد. برای نگارش این مقاله، هم از تجربیات و مقالات نویسندگان مقاله و هم از جدیدترین مقالات موجود در پایگاه های اطلاعاتی Web of Science، Pub Med، Google Scholar، Scopus و  ScienceDirectاستفاده شده است. بررسی مقالات موجود نشان داد که اگر چه مطالعات بسیاری در زمینه کاربرد سیانوباکتری­‌ها در حذف فلزات سنگین وجود دارد، اما استفاده ترکیبی آن­ها با فناوری پلاسما در تصفیه زیستی کمتر مطالعه شده است. از این رو، هدف این مقاله، مروری بر کارایی ترکیبی فناوری پلاسما و سیانوباکتری‌­ها در حذف فلزاتی چون روی، کلسیم و منزیم در صنایع آب و فاضلاب و ساز وکار دفاعی سیانوباکتری­‌ها در برابر سمیت ناشی از فلزات است. افزون بر این، توانایی گونه‌­های مختلف سیانوباکتری برای جداسازی فلزات سنگین از آب در شرایط محیطی مختلف با تولید اگزوپلی ساکاریدها و مسیرهای بیوسنتزی مقایسه خواهد شد. نتایج بدست آمده از این مطالعه تصویری کامل برای شناسایی و اجرای یک روش کاربردی زیست پالایی در مقیاس صنعتی ارائه می­‌دهد که مقرون به صرفه بوده و از نظر زیست محیطی پایدار است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Review Paper: Review on the Combined Effect of Cold Plasma Treatment Technology and Cyanobacteria in Heavy Metal Removal such as Zinc, Calcium, and Magnesium

نویسندگان [English]

  • Yasaman Najafi 1
  • Bahareh Nowruzi 2
  • Amir Hosein Sari 3
1 . Sc. Graduated, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Converging Sciences and Technologies, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Biology, Faculty of Converging Sciences and Technologies, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Plasma Physics Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The presence of heavy metal ions dissolved in tap water poses serious problems for human health. With the rapid growth of the world's population, the need to improve current technology for water purification and in order to provide safe drinking water is constantly increasing. Compared to various conventional heavy metal removal methods, cyanobacteria-mediated heavy metal removal is a more advantageous method, because of the cost-effective, on-site, and green chemistry approach. Cyanobacteria are a very suitable tool for the sequestration of metals because they can simultaneously divide the metal through biosorption and bioaccumulation. Bioabsorption is a cell surface occurrence, while bioaccumulation occurs inside the cell. In addition, the use of plasma technology as a driving force increases the percentage of metal removal in different periods. To write this article, a detailed search was carried out from the authors' experiences and articles and the latest articles available in PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Medline, and Scientific Information Database databases. A review of the available articles showed that although there are many studies on the use of cyanobacteria in the removal of heavy metals, their combined use with plasma technology in biological treatment has been less studied. As a result, the purpose of this article is to review the separation of cyanobacteria in heavy metal ions from wastewater and the defense mechanism of cyanobacteria against metal-induced toxicity. In addition, we attempt to compare the ability of different species of cyanobacteria to separate heavy metals from water under different environmental conditions by producing exopolysaccharides and biosynthetic pathways. The results of this study can provide a complete picture of the identification and implementation of an applied bioremediation technique on an industrial scale that is cost-effective and environmentally sustainable.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Plasma Technology
  • Heavy Metals
  • Bioremediation
  • Cyanobacteria

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 22 تیر 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 25 مهر 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 20 دی 1401

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